《诗》云:"瞻彼淇澳,侵疋⑩。有斐君子(zi),如切如(ru)磋,如琢如磨。瑟兮兮,赫兮暄兮。有(you)斐君(jun1)子,终(zhong)不可(ke)召猓(guo)""如切如磋"者,道学(xue)也。"如琢如磨"者,自修也。"瑟(se)兮兮"者,恂也。"赫兮喧兮"者,威(wei)仪也。"有(you)斐君(jun1)子,终不可召"者,道(dao)盛(sheng)德至善(shan),民(min)之不能(neng)忘也。《诗》云:"于戏前(qian)王不忘(wang)!"君子贤(xian)其贤而(er)亲其(qi)亲,小人乐其(qi)乐而(er)利其利,此(ci)以没世不(bu)忘也。《康诰》曰(yue):"克明德(de)。"《大(da)甲》曰:"顾(gu)天之明(ming)命。"《帝典》曰(yue):"克明峻德(de)。"皆(jie)自(zi)明(ming)也。汤(tang)之(zhi)《盘铭》曰:"苟日新,日(ri)日新(xin),又日(ri)新。"《康诰》曰:"作(zuo)新民。"《诗(shi)》曰:"周虽旧(jiu)邦,其命(ming)惟新。"是故(gu)君子无所不用(yong)其极。《诗(shi)》云(yun):"邦(bang)畿千里,惟民所(suo)止。"《诗》云(yun):"缗蛮黄鸟,止(zhi)于丘(qiu)隅。"子曰:"于止,知其所(suo)止。可以人而不如鸟(niao)乎?"《诗》云(yun):"穆穆(mu)文(wen)王,于缉熙(xi)敬止!"为人君,止(zhi)于(yu)仁;为人臣,止于敬;为人子,止于孝;为人父,止(zhi)于慈;与国人(ren)交,止于信。子(zi)曰:"听(ting)讼,吾犹人也。必也(ye)使(shi)无(wu)讼(song)乎(hu)!"无(wu)情者不(bu)得尽其辞,大畏民志(zhi)。此(ci)谓(wei)知(zhi)本。
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